Both short-term and long-range objectives are created and achieved with organizational management. Starting with a plan, organization helps with its execution, and effective leadership is essential to the process. Finally, resource control is needed to ensure success.

France, officially the French Republic, is a unitary semi-presidential republic located mostly in Western Europe, with several overseas regions and territories.

A course is the study of a particular topic within a wider subject area and is the foundation of a qualification. A typical course includes lectures, assessments and tutorials.